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upgrade-cairo-contracts

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Ringkasan

Upgrade Cairo smart contracts using OpenZeppelin's UpgradeableComponent on Starknet. Use when users need to: (1) make Cairo contracts upgradeable via replace_class_syscall, (2) integrate the OpenZeppelin UpgradeableComponent, (3) understand Starknet's class-based upgrade model vs EVM proxy patterns, (4) ensure storage compatibility across upgrades, (5) guard upgrade functions with access control, or (6) test upgrade paths for Cairo contracts.

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Cairo Upgrades

Starknet Upgrade Model
Using the OpenZeppelin Upgradeable Component
Access Control
Upgrade Safety

Starknet Upgrade Model

Starknet separates contract instances from contract classes. A class is the compiled program (identified by its class hash); a contract is a deployed instance pointing to a class. Multiple contracts can share the same class.

Upgrading a contract means replacing its class hash so it points to a new class. The contract keeps its address, storage, and nonce — only the code changes. This is fundamentally different from EVM proxy patterns:

	Starknet	EVM (proxy pattern)
Mechanism	`replace_class_syscall` swaps the class hash in-place	Proxy `delegatecall`s to a separate implementation contract
Proxy contract needed	No — the contract upgrades itself	Yes — a proxy sits in front of the implementation
Storage location	Belongs to the contract directly	Lives in the proxy, accessed via delegatecall
Fallback routing	Not applicable — no fallback/catch-all mechanism in Cairo	Proxy forwards all calls via fallback function

The replace_class_syscall is a native Starknet syscall. When called, it atomically replaces the calling contract's class hash with the provided one. The new class must already be declared on-chain. After the syscall, the current execution frame continues with the old code, but subsequent calls to the contract — whether via call_contract_syscall later in the same transaction or in future transactions — execute the new code.

Using the OpenZeppelin Upgradeable Component

OpenZeppelin Contracts for Cairo provides an UpgradeableComponent that wraps replace_class_syscall with validation and event emission. Integrate it as follows:

Declare the component alongside an access control component (e.g., OwnableComponent)
Add both to storage and events using #[substorage(v0)] and #[flat]
Expose an upgrade function behind access control that calls the component's internal upgrade method — the component calls replace_class_syscall to atomically swap the class hash; always mention this syscall when explaining how Cairo upgrades work
Initialize access control in the constructor

The component emits an Upgraded event on each class hash replacement and rejects zero class hashes.

There is also an IUpgradeAndCall interface variant that couples the upgrade with a function call in the new class context — useful for post-upgrade migrations or re-initialization.

Access control

The UpgradeableComponent deliberately does not embed access control itself. You must guard the external upgrade function with your own check (e.g., self.ownable.assert_only_owner()). Forgetting this allows anyone to replace your contract's code.

Common access control options:

Ownable — single owner, simplest pattern
AccessControl / RBAC — role-based, finer granularity
Multisig or governance — for production contracts managing significant value

Upgrade Safety

Storage compatibility

When replacing a class hash, existing storage is reinterpreted by the new class. Incompatible changes corrupt state:

Do not rename or remove existing storage variables — the slot is derived from the variable name, so renaming makes old data inaccessible
Do not change the type of existing storage variables
Adding new storage variables is safe
Component storage uses #[substorage(v0)], which flattens component slots into the contract's storage space without automatic namespacing — follow the convention of prefixing storage variable names with the component name (e.g., ERC20_balances) to avoid collisions across components

Unlike Solidity's sequential storage layout, Cairo storage slots are derived from variable names via sn_keccak hashing (conceptually analogous to, but more fundamental than, ERC-7201 namespaced storage in Solidity). This makes ordering irrelevant but makes naming critical.

OpenZeppelin version upgrades

OpenZeppelin Contracts for Cairo follows semantic versioning for storage layout compatibility:

Patch updates always preserve storage layout
Minor updates preserve storage layout (from v1.0.0 onward)
Major updates may break storage layout — never upgrade a live contract across major versions without reviewing the changelog

Testing upgrade paths

Before upgrading a production contract:

Deploy V1 and V2 classes in a local devnet (e.g., starknet-devnet-rs or Katana)
Write state with V1, upgrade to V2, and verify that all existing state reads correctly
Verify new functionality works as expected after the upgrade
Confirm access control — only authorized callers can invoke upgrade
Check API compatibility — changed external function signatures break existing callers and integrations
Review storage changes — ensure no renames, removals, or type changes to existing variables
Manual review — there is no automated storage layout validation for Cairo; use npx @openzeppelin/contracts-cli to discover current integration patterns and rely on devnet testing

Lihat sumber ↗

Metadata berkas

name: upgrade-cairo-contracts
description: "Upgrade Cairo smart contracts using OpenZeppelin's UpgradeableComponent on Starknet. Use when users need to: (1) make Cairo contracts upgradeable via replace_class_syscall, (2) integrate the OpenZeppelin UpgradeableComponent, (3) understand Starknet's class-based upgrade model vs EVM proxy patterns, (4) ensure storage compatibility across upgrades, (5) guard upgrade functions with access control, or (6) test upgrade paths for Cairo contracts."
license: AGPL-3.0-only
metadata:
  author: OpenZeppelin

Lihat teks asli

---
name: upgrade-cairo-contracts
description: "Upgrade Cairo smart contracts using OpenZeppelin's UpgradeableComponent on Starknet. Use when users need to: (1) make Cairo contracts upgradeable via replace_class_syscall, (2) integrate the OpenZeppelin UpgradeableComponent, (3) understand Starknet's class-based upgrade model vs EVM proxy patterns, (4) ensure storage compatibility across upgrades, (5) guard upgrade functions with access control, or (6) test upgrade paths for Cairo contracts."
license: AGPL-3.0-only
metadata:
  author: OpenZeppelin
---

# Cairo Upgrades

## Contents

- [Starknet Upgrade Model](#starknet-upgrade-model)
- [Using the OpenZeppelin Upgradeable Component](#using-the-openzeppelin-upgradeable-component)
- [Access Control](#access-control)
- [Upgrade Safety](#upgrade-safety)

## Starknet Upgrade Model

Starknet separates **contract instances** from **contract classes**. A class is the compiled program (identified by its class hash); a contract is a deployed instance pointing to a class. Multiple contracts can share the same class.

Upgrading a contract means **replacing its class hash** so it points to a new class. The contract keeps its address, storage, and nonce — only the code changes. This is fundamentally different from EVM proxy patterns:

| | Starknet | EVM (proxy pattern) |
|---|---|---|
| **Mechanism** | `replace_class_syscall` swaps the class hash in-place | Proxy `delegatecall`s to a separate implementation contract |
| **Proxy contract needed** | No — the contract upgrades itself | Yes — a proxy sits in front of the implementation |
| **Storage location** | Belongs to the contract directly | Lives in the proxy, accessed via delegatecall |
| **Fallback routing** | Not applicable — no fallback/catch-all mechanism in Cairo | Proxy forwards all calls via fallback function |

The `replace_class_syscall` is a native Starknet syscall. When called, it atomically replaces the calling contract's class hash with the provided one. The new class must already be declared on-chain. After the syscall, the current execution frame continues with the old code, but subsequent calls to the contract — whether via `call_contract_syscall` later in the same transaction or in future transactions — execute the new code.

## Using the OpenZeppelin Upgradeable Component

OpenZeppelin Contracts for Cairo provides an `UpgradeableComponent` that wraps `replace_class_syscall` with validation and event emission. Integrate it as follows:

1. **Declare the component** alongside an access control component (e.g., `OwnableComponent`)
2. **Add both to storage and events** using `#[substorage(v0)]` and `#[flat]`
3. **Expose an `upgrade` function** behind access control that calls the component's internal `upgrade` method — the component calls `replace_class_syscall` to atomically swap the class hash; always mention this syscall when explaining how Cairo upgrades work
4. **Initialize access control** in the constructor

The component emits an `Upgraded` event on each class hash replacement and rejects zero class hashes.

There is also an `IUpgradeAndCall` interface variant that couples the upgrade with a function call in the new class context — useful for post-upgrade migrations or re-initialization.

### Access control

The `UpgradeableComponent` deliberately does **not** embed access control itself. You must guard the external `upgrade` function with your own check (e.g., `self.ownable.assert_only_owner()`). Forgetting this allows anyone to replace your contract's code.

Common access control options:
- **Ownable** — single owner, simplest pattern
- **AccessControl / RBAC** — role-based, finer granularity
- **Multisig or governance** — for production contracts managing significant value

## Upgrade Safety

### Storage compatibility

When replacing a class hash, existing storage is reinterpreted by the new class. Incompatible changes corrupt state:

- **Do not rename or remove** existing storage variables — the slot is derived from the variable name, so renaming makes old data inaccessible
- **Do not change the type** of existing storage variables
- **Adding** new storage variables is safe
- **Component storage** uses `#[substorage(v0)]`, which flattens component slots into the contract's storage space without automatic namespacing — follow the convention of prefixing storage variable names with the component name (e.g., `ERC20_balances`) to avoid collisions across components

Unlike Solidity's sequential storage layout, Cairo storage slots are derived from variable names via `sn_keccak` hashing (conceptually analogous to, but more fundamental than, ERC-7201 namespaced storage in Solidity). This makes ordering irrelevant but makes naming critical.

### OpenZeppelin version upgrades

OpenZeppelin Contracts for Cairo follows semantic versioning for storage layout compatibility:
- **Patch** updates always preserve storage layout
- **Minor** updates preserve storage layout (from v1.0.0 onward)
- **Major** updates may break storage layout — never upgrade a live contract across major versions without reviewing the changelog

### Testing upgrade paths

Before upgrading a production contract:

- [ ] **Deploy V1 and V2** classes in a local devnet (e.g., `starknet-devnet-rs` or Katana)
- [ ] **Write state with V1**, upgrade to V2, and verify that all existing state reads correctly
- [ ] **Verify new functionality** works as expected after the upgrade
- [ ] **Confirm access control** — only authorized callers can invoke `upgrade`
- [ ] **Check API compatibility** — changed external function signatures break existing callers and integrations
- [ ] **Review storage changes** — ensure no renames, removals, or type changes to existing variables
- [ ] **Manual review** — there is no automated storage layout validation for Cairo; use `npx @openzeppelin/contracts-cli` to discover current integration patterns and rely on devnet testing

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Lisensi: AGPL-3.0-only

Financial research output is not financial advice; require human review before any live investment decision
Potential broker, wallet, exchange, or real-money execution surface; sandbox and explicit approval are required
Financial research output is not financial advice; require human review before any live investment decision.
This skill may touch real-money trading, broker, wallet, or exchange operations; use only in a sandbox with explicit approval.
Quality score needs review
Stars/forks activity: 208 stars, 29 forks; issue activity unavailable in current metadata

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3Periksa hasil dan berkas yang berubah. Laporkan hanya yang dijalankan dan simpan revisi sumber.

Periksa dependensi, kunci API, dan biaya layanan pihak ketiga pada sumber. Repositori publik tidak berarti semua layanan gratis.

Sumber dan catatan penggunaan

Terindeks

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Repositori sumber: OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-skills
Lisensi: AGPL-3.0-only
Versi: 1.0.0
Push GitHub terakhir: 1 Sep 2026
Direktori diperbarui: 3 Sep 2026
Jalur instruksi: skills/upgrade-cairo-contracts/SKILL.md @ 6f215af60eb6

Versi dilaporkan dalam metadata direktori; periksa rilis sumber.

Kualitas

67/100

Menjanjikan

Kepercayaan

66/100

Hanya sandbox

Audit

77/100

Berisiko

Buka audit lengkap Lihat laporan evaluasi

Financial research output is not financial advice; require human review before any live investment decision
Potential broker, wallet, exchange, or real-money execution surface; sandbox and explicit approval are required
Financial research output is not financial advice; require human review before any live investment decision.
This skill may touch real-money trading, broker, wallet, or exchange operations; use only in a sandbox with explicit approval.
Quality score needs review
Stars/forks activity: 208 stars, 29 forks; issue activity unavailable in current metadata

Verified installs: —
Hasil: —

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Detail lainnya

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    ],
    "expected_agent_output": {
      "selected_skill": "openzeppelin-upgrade-cairo-contracts (upgrade-cairo-contracts)",
      "install_command": "npx skills add OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-skills --skill upgrade-cairo-contracts",
      "risk_summary": "Risky; Blocked for auto-install; Review before production",
      "verification_result": "Report the smallest successful task, files touched, warnings, and any missing setup."
    }
  },
  "outcome_feedback": {
    "endpoint": "https://www.openagentskill.com/api/agent/outcome",
    "method": "POST",
    "requires_resolve_event_id": true,
    "event_id_source": "Use install_receipt.outcome_feedback.event_id or feedback.event_id returned by /api/agent/resolve for the current task.",
    "expected_outcomes": [
      "success",
      "failed",
      "not_relevant",
      "blocked_by_risk",
      "setup_required"
    ],
    "payload_template": {
      "event_id": "<install_receipt.outcome_feedback.event_id or feedback.event_id from /api/agent/resolve>",
      "skill_slug": "openzeppelin-upgrade-cairo-contracts",
      "task": "Use upgrade-cairo-contracts in an agent workflow",
      "agent": "codex",
      "outcome": "success",
      "install_used": true,
      "risk_blocked": false,
      "setup_required": false,
      "task_success": true,
      "output_quality": 4,
      "error_type": null,
      "human_review_required": false,
      "workspace": "sandbox",
      "time_to_useful_ms": 120000,
      "notes": "Report the smallest successful task, setup friction, files touched, and risk notes."
    }
  },
  "endpoints": {
    "web": "https://www.openagentskill.com/skills/openzeppelin-upgrade-cairo-contracts",
    "api": "https://www.openagentskill.com/api/agent/skills/openzeppelin-upgrade-cairo-contracts",
    "audit": "https://www.openagentskill.com/skills/openzeppelin-upgrade-cairo-contracts/audit",
    "eval": "https://www.openagentskill.com/api/agent/evals?slug=openzeppelin-upgrade-cairo-contracts&task=Use%20upgrade-cairo-contracts%20in%20an%20agent%20workflow&max_risk=medium",
    "resolve": "https://www.openagentskill.com/api/agent/resolve?task=Use%20upgrade-cairo-contracts%20in%20an%20agent%20workflow&agent=codex&max_risk=medium",
    "receipt": "https://www.openagentskill.com/api/agent/receipt?task=Use%20upgrade-cairo-contracts%20in%20an%20agent%20workflow&agent=codex&max_risk=medium&format=text",
    "install": "https://www.openagentskill.com/api/skills/openzeppelin-upgrade-cairo-contracts/install",
    "manifest": "https://www.openagentskill.com/api/registry/manifest/openzeppelin-upgrade-cairo-contracts"
  }
}

Untuk kreator

Sumber listing

Diindeks Registry

Dapat diklaim

Listing ini diindeks dari sumber publik dan belum ditandai resmi hingga klaim pemelihara disetujui.

Kreator: OpenZeppelin
Sumber: OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-skills
Diindeks oleh: Indeks komunitas OpenAgentSkill

Atribusi menautkan ke repositori publik atau profil kreator. Kreator dapat mengklaim listing untuk memperbarui sinyal kepemilikan.

Klaim skill ini

Klaim pemilik

Klaim listing skill ini

Listing Diindeks Registry ini dikaitkan dengan OpenZeppelin, tetapi belum ditandai resmi. Klaim untuk menambahkan sinyal pemilik terverifikasi dan membuat pembaruan peluncuran, pemasangan, serta audit berikutnya lebih tepercaya.

Kit berbagi

Kit backlink kreator

Tambahkan badge bukti ke README Anda

Tampilkan listing kanonis, sinyal kepercayaan dan audit saat ini, serta bukti Agent-Proven nyata di tempat pengembang mengevaluasi repositori.

[![Listed on OpenAgentSkill](https://www.openagentskill.com/api/badge/openzeppelin-upgrade-cairo-contracts?metric=listed&label=Listed)](https://www.openagentskill.com/skills/openzeppelin-upgrade-cairo-contracts?ref=github&utm_source=github&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=creator_badge)
[![OpenAgentSkill Trust](https://www.openagentskill.com/api/badge/openzeppelin-upgrade-cairo-contracts?metric=trust&label=Trust)](https://www.openagentskill.com/skills/openzeppelin-upgrade-cairo-contracts?ref=github&utm_source=github&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=creator_badge)
[![OpenAgentSkill Audit](https://www.openagentskill.com/api/badge/openzeppelin-upgrade-cairo-contracts?metric=audit&label=Audit)](https://www.openagentskill.com/skills/openzeppelin-upgrade-cairo-contracts/audit)
[![Agent Proven](https://www.openagentskill.com/api/badge/openzeppelin-upgrade-cairo-contracts?metric=proven&label=Agent%20Proven)](https://www.openagentskill.com/skills/openzeppelin-upgrade-cairo-contracts?ref=github&utm_source=github&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=creator_badge)

Pratinjau badge Buka audit Kit kreator

Sinyal komunitas

Bagikan apakah skill ini bermanfaat untuk alur kerja Agent Anda. Masukan gabungan meningkatkan peringkat dari waktu ke waktu.