Registry indexed
Use when creating Go packages, organizing imports, managing dependencies, or deciding how to structure Go code into packages. Also use when starting a new Go project or splitting a growing codebase into packages, even if the user doesn't explicitly ask about package organization.
Use when creating Go packages, organizing imports, managing dependencies, or deciding how to structure Go code into packages. Also use when starting a new Go project or splitting a growing codebase into packages, even if the user doesn't explicitly ask about package organization. Does not cover naming individual identifiers (see go-naming).
Source documentation, not instructions for this website. Review permissions before running any commands.
references/IMPORTS.md - Read when grouping imports, using blank imports, dot imports, or import aliases.references/PACKAGE-SIZE.md - Read when splitting packages, avoiding init, structuring main, or designing CLI flags/subcommands.When this skill does NOT apply: For naming individual identifiers within a package, see go-naming. For organizing functions within a single file, see go-functions. For configuring linters that enforce import rules, see go-linting.
Package names should describe what the package provides. Avoid generic names
like util, helper, common — they obscure meaning and cause import
conflicts.
// Good: Meaningful package names
db := spannertest.NewDatabaseFromFile(...)
_, err := f.Seek(0, io.SeekStart)
// Bad: Vague names obscure meaning
db := test.NewDatabaseFromFile(...)
_, err := f.Seek(0, common.SeekStart)
Generic names can be used as part of a name (e.g., stringutil) but should
not be the entire package name.
| Question | Action |
|---|---|
| Can you describe its purpose in one sentence? | No → split by responsibility |
| Do files never share unexported symbols? | Those files could be separate packages |
| Distinct user groups use different parts? | Split along user boundaries |
| Godoc page overwhelming? | Split to improve discoverability |
Do NOT split just because a file is long, to create single-type packages, or if it would create circular dependencies.
Imports are organized in groups separated by blank lines. Standard library packages always come first. Use goimports to manage this automatically.
import (
"fmt"
"os"
"github.com/foo/bar"
"rsc.io/goversion/version"
)
Quick rules:
| Rule | Guidance |
|---|---|
| Grouping | stdlib first, then external. Extended: stdlib → other → protos → side-effects |
| Renaming | Avoid unless collision. Rename the most local import. Proto packages get pb suffix |
Blank imports (import _) | Only in main packages or tests |
Dot imports (import .) | Never use, except for circular-dependency test files |
Avoid init() where possible. When unavoidable, it must be:
init() orderingAcceptable uses: complex expressions that can't be single assignments,
pluggable hooks (e.g., database/sql dialects), deterministic precomputation.
Call os.Exit or log.Fatal* only in main(). All other functions should
return errors.
Why: Non-obvious control flow, untestable, defer statements skipped.
Best practice: Use the run() pattern — extract logic into
func run() error, call from main() with a single exit point:
func main() {
if err := run(); err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
}
Advisory: Define flags only in
package main.
snake_case: --output_dir not --outputDirflag package; use pflag only when POSIX conventions
(double-dash, single-char shortcuts) are required// Good: Flag in main, passed as parameter to library
func main() {
outputDir := flag.String("output_dir", ".", "directory for output files")
flag.Parse()
if err := mylib.Generate(*outputDir); err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
}
%w vs %vinit() with explicit initialization or avoiding mutable globalsname: go-packages description: Use when creating Go packages, organizing imports, managing dependencies, or deciding how to structure Go code into packages. Also use when starting a new Go project or splitting a growing codebase into packages, even if the user doesn't explicitly ask about package organization. Does not cover naming individual identifiers (see go-naming).
---
name: go-packages
description: Use when creating Go packages, organizing imports, managing dependencies, or deciding how to structure Go code into packages. Also use when starting a new Go project or splitting a growing codebase into packages, even if the user doesn't explicitly ask about package organization. Does not cover naming individual identifiers (see go-naming).
---
# Go Packages and Imports
## Resource Routing
- `references/IMPORTS.md` - Read when grouping imports, using blank imports, dot imports, or import aliases.
- `references/PACKAGE-SIZE.md` - Read when splitting packages, avoiding `init`, structuring `main`, or designing CLI flags/subcommands.
> **When this skill does NOT apply**: For naming individual identifiers within a package, see [go-naming](../go-naming/SKILL.md). For organizing functions within a single file, see [go-functions](../go-functions/SKILL.md). For configuring linters that enforce import rules, see [go-linting](../go-linting/SKILL.md).
## Package Organization
### Avoid Util Packages
Package names should describe what the package provides. Avoid generic names
like `util`, `helper`, `common` — they obscure meaning and cause import
conflicts.
```go
// Good: Meaningful package names
db := spannertest.NewDatabaseFromFile(...)
_, err := f.Seek(0, io.SeekStart)
// Bad: Vague names obscure meaning
db := test.NewDatabaseFromFile(...)
_, err := f.Seek(0, common.SeekStart)
```
Generic names can be used as *part* of a name (e.g., `stringutil`) but should
not be the entire package name.
### Package Size
| Question | Action |
|----------|--------|
| Can you describe its purpose in one sentence? | No → split by responsibility |
| Do files never share unexported symbols? | Those files could be separate packages |
| Distinct user groups use different parts? | Split along user boundaries |
| Godoc page overwhelming? | Split to improve discoverability |
**Do NOT split** just because a file is long, to create single-type packages, or
if it would create circular dependencies.
---
## Imports
Imports are organized in groups separated by blank lines. Standard library
packages always come first. Use
[goimports](https://pkg.go.dev/golang.org/x/tools/cmd/goimports) to manage this
automatically.
```go
import (
"fmt"
"os"
"github.com/foo/bar"
"rsc.io/goversion/version"
)
```
**Quick rules:**
| Rule | Guidance |
|------|----------|
| Grouping | stdlib first, then external. Extended: stdlib → other → protos → side-effects |
| Renaming | Avoid unless collision. Rename the most local import. Proto packages get `pb` suffix |
| Blank imports (`import _`) | Only in `main` packages or tests |
| Dot imports (`import .`) | Never use, except for circular-dependency test files |
---
## Avoid init()
Avoid `init()` where possible. When unavoidable, it must be:
1. Completely deterministic
2. Independent of other `init()` ordering
3. Free of environment state (env vars, working dir, args)
4. Free of I/O (filesystem, network, system calls)
**Acceptable uses**: complex expressions that can't be single assignments,
pluggable hooks (e.g., `database/sql` dialects), deterministic precomputation.
---
## Exit in Main
Call `os.Exit` or `log.Fatal*` **only in `main()`**. All other functions should
return errors.
**Why**: Non-obvious control flow, untestable, `defer` statements skipped.
**Best practice**: Use the `run()` pattern — extract logic into
`func run() error`, call from `main()` with a single exit point:
```go
func main() {
if err := run(); err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
}
```
---
## Command-Line Flags
> **Advisory**: Define flags only in `package main`.
- Flag names use `snake_case`: `--output_dir` not `--outputDir`
- Libraries should accept configuration as parameters, not read flags directly —
this keeps them testable and reusable
- Prefer the standard `flag` package; use `pflag` only when POSIX conventions
(double-dash, single-char shortcuts) are required
```go
// Good: Flag in main, passed as parameter to library
func main() {
outputDir := flag.String("output_dir", ".", "directory for output files")
flag.Parse()
if err := mylib.Generate(*outputDir); err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
}
```
---
## Related Skills
- **Package naming**: See [go-naming](../go-naming/SKILL.md) when choosing package names, avoiding stuttering, or naming exported symbols
- **Error handling across packages**: See [go-error-handling](../go-error-handling/SKILL.md) when wrapping errors at package boundaries with `%w` vs `%v`
- **Import linting**: See [go-linting](../go-linting/SKILL.md) when configuring goimports local-prefixes or enforcing import grouping
- **Global state**: See [go-defensive](../go-defensive/SKILL.md) when replacing `init()` with explicit initialization or avoiding mutable globals
Skill source recorded
Skill instructions are recorded. This is not a runtime test, safety guarantee or compatibility certification.
Review before install: Avoid automatic install
License: Apache-2.0
Listed tools are metadata hints, not tested compatibility. Agent prompts are suggested handoffs.
Check the source for dependencies, API keys and third-party costs. A public repository does not mean every service is free.
Repository metadata and review signals are advisory. Popularity, source discovery and successful execution are different facts.
Version reported in registry metadata; check source releases before relying on it.
Quality
62/100
Promising
Trust
62/100
This page exposes the same decision, trust, audit, use-case, and install signals through the Registry API, so agents can rank this skill without scraping the UI.
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}Listing source
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Audit
72/100
Needs review
Copies are not installs. Installation counts require a reported successful installation; they are not a blanket quality guarantee.